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As land resources become increasingly scarce, the marine resources have received unprecedented attention. Studying the mechanism of fish propulsion is a prerequisite and effective scientific path to design and improve the underwater robot. By considering complex water conditions with obstacles and cross-flow, this study conducts SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) simulations on fish schools under different array distributions.

SPH is a meshless and particle method which has some special advantages in modeling flows with free surface, splash fracture and moving boundaries. SPH can more easily solve the large deformation and flexible movement of fish compared to mesh-based methods. Based on SPH simulations, we discuss the impact of arrays, obstacles, and cross-flow on resistance coefficients of shoal of fish.

computation, modeling, simulation, numerical methods, algorithm, coding, programming, real-time computation