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Selected area laser melting (SLM) is an advanced additive manufacturing technology related to the powder bed melting (PBF) process. This study is based on an improved high-order smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to achieve 3D modeling and simulation of SLM, using the weakly compressible equation of state and the Navier-Stokes equations to describe the state and flow of liquid metal during the mathematical modeling of SLM. An improved kernel gradient correction (KGC) is introduced to overcome the non-conservation problem of the conventional KGC. And an improved surface tension model is developed to improve the stability and accuracy of surface tension modeling. In order to establish a numerical model to simulate the SLM forming process, the Gaussian heat source model and the latent heat of fusion model are introduced. In addition, a particle shift technique integrated with the X-SPH technique is applied to improve the uniform stability of the calculated particle distribution. The accuracy of the mathematical model for the simulation of the SLM forming process is also verified by simulating the evolution of droplets with time and comparing the arithmetic example of laser spot welding with experimental results.

SLM; high order SPH;Numerical simulation