ICCM Conferences, The 13th International Conference on Computational Methods (ICCM2022)

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Numerical study of effects of wind on the vertical fire spread with vertical/horizontal spandrel
Zefeng Huang, Zhao Tian, Xiao Chen

Last modified: 2022-07-05

Abstract


Due to the importance of preventing vertical fire spreading along buildings, two fire inhibition methods were raised by National Construction Code clause C2.6(a) including vertical spandrel of at least 900 mm high or horizontal spandrel of at least 1100 mm deep. The aim of this project is to answer the research question of whether vertical spandrel of 900 mm and horizontal construction of 1100 mm are equivalent in performance in inhibiting the vertical fire spreading under the effects of wind using fire dynamics simulator (FDS) simulations. Geometry of the simulations is derived from experimental works conducted by Oleszkiewicz on the performance of horizontal projection in preventing vertical fire spread. Meshes used for the simulations are divided into multiple sections and refined to a size of 0.1 m to ensure the accuracy of results. In terms of the boundary conditions, heat release rate per unit area is defined as 900 kW/m2 across 9 m2 fire surface which results in a total heat release rate of 8.1 MW. Based on the preliminary results, it is found that for the wind conditions, fire load and building structure investigated in the paper, the performance of the 900 mm vertical spandrel is lower than the horizontal spandrels even for the horizontal spandrel of 500 mm. By slightly increasing the front wind up to 0.5 m/s, the radiation heat transfer from the flame to above floor is increased slightly, however, further increasing the front wind speed will reduce the radiative heat flux on the above floor, due to the blocking effect of the front wind. When the front wind speed increases to above 4m/s, the flame is totally blocked within the room. When the side wind is introduced, there is a slightly increase in heat flux for wind speed of 1~4 m/s. However, the fluctuation in radiative heat flux due to increasing wind speed is much less significant than front wind.


Keywords


Fire Modeling; Simulation; Numerical methods

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